Eczema is a common skin condition where patches of skin become inflamed, red, cracked, itchy, red and rough. There are various types of eczema like atopic dermatitis, contact dermatitis, dyshidrotic eczema, nummular eczema, seborrheic dermatitis and stasis dermatitis. Amongst these, atopic is the most common one, which refers to a collection of diseases involving the immune system, asthma, and hay fever. Eczema can be triggered by anything. There is still no full cure for eczema, but symptoms can be managed. It is not contagious also.
Symptoms of Atopic Dermatitis
– One of the common symptoms is Itching, which may occur more at night.
– Dry Skin
– Small elevated bumps, which might leak fluid and crust over when scratched.
– Red to brownish-grey patches, especially on the hands, ankles, wrists, feet, neck, upper chest, eyelids, and in infants, the face and scalp.
– Sensitive, Raw and swollen skin from scratching.
– It might start from the age of 5 and continue till adulthood.
Causes of Atopic Dermatitis
The exact cause is still unknown. But it is said that the oily coat of the skin tends to be reduced in people with atopic eczema. This can induce water loss and as a result dry skin. Also, sometime, there are few cells of the immune system, which release chemicals under the skin surface, that can cause redness or inflamed skin. Few common causes are Pollution, allergies to dust, mite or pollens, Changes in climate, diet, infections. Sometimes it is more because of genetic factors.
Diagnosis of Atopic Dermatitis
There are no lab tests which can diagnose Atopic Eczema. The doctor can make a diagnosis by examining the skin and reviewing the medical history. They may also do a patch test or other tests to rule out other skin diseases or identify conditions that lead to eczema. Doctors can also diagnose it on the basis of food allergies.
Treatments for eczema
– Cool Tar to minimise the itching.
– One can use good moisturisers to keep the skin moisturised.
– anti-inflammatory ointments, which can be either topical or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory.
– Oral Medications
– Doctors can advise few dietary changes.
– ultraviolet radiation therapy (phototherapy)
